- What features of the Taung Child's skull convinced Raymond Dart it belonged to the human lineage rather than the ape lineage?
- Why did Dart's claim that human evolution began in Africa meet such strong resistance from other scientists?
- How did the Piltdown Man hoax complicate acceptance of Dart's African origin theory?
- How old did Dart estimate the Taung Child fossil to be, and how was that estimate reached?
Human Evolution and Paleoanthropology
The fossil and genetic record of human origins.
- What physical features of the Olduvai Gorge cranium indicated it belonged to a robust, plant-grinding hominin?
- How did potassium-argon dating establish the age of the Paranthropus boisei fossil?
- Why was the fossil renamed from Zinjanthropus boisei to Paranthropus boisei, and what does that reclassification say about its place in human evolution?
- How did the discovery at Olduvai Gorge shift the geographic focus of paleoanthropology research?
- What fragment of bone first alerted Donald Johanson to the presence of a hominin skeleton at Hadar?
- Why was recovering forty percent of a 3.2-million-year-old skeleton so unusual for paleoanthropology?
- What did Lucy's knee joints and hip structure reveal about how Australopithecus afarensis moved?
- How did Lucy's small brain alongside her upright walk challenge assumptions about human evolution?
- What physical characteristics distinguished the Flores skeleton from a modern human?
- Why did researchers conclude Homo floresiensis was a distinct species rather than a diseased modern human?
- How does local Flores folklore about the Ebu Gogo relate to the fossil discovery?
- What assumption about brain size and cognitive complexity did the discovery challenge?
- What anatomical features of Tiktaalik roseae foreshadow the limbs of land animals?
- How far back does the fossil record show this spinal adaptation existing in upright hominins?
- How old is the Ardipithecus ramidus skeleton, and how does that compare to the famous Lucy fossil?
- What combination of foot and pelvis features did Ardi have, and why was that combination surprising?
- Why did Ardi's skeleton challenge the assumption that our common ancestor with chimpanzees resembled a modern chimp?
- How long did researchers spend analyzing the Ardi fossils before publishing their findings?
- What percentage of Neanderthal DNA do people of non-African ancestry carry today?
- When and where did modern humans likely interbreed with Neanderthals?
- What made the Denisovans genetically distinct from both modern humans and Neanderthals?
- How did researchers access the Dinaledi chamber where Homo naledi remains were found?
- Why did the presence of so many individuals in an inaccessible chamber suggest deliberate burial?
- What did later dating of the Homo naledi bones reveal about when the species lived?
- What does the low caloric yield of human bodies suggest about the motives behind prehistoric cannibalism?
- What evolutionary explanation does the beard-as-armor hypothesis suggest for human facial hair?
- What did the 2010 draft Neanderthal genome reveal about interbreeding with modern humans?
- How much Neanderthal DNA persists in people alive today outside Africa?
- What did Louis Leakey mean when he said we would have to redefine 'tool' or 'man' after Goodall's findings?