32 questions · 19 almanac · 0 findings

Telecommunications History

The development of long-distance communication technology.

Almanac Two Rivals Share One Signal
  • How did Marconi's transatlantic wireless signal of 1901 depend on innovations he didn't personally develop?
Almanac A Conversation Crosses the Ocean
  • What engineering problems had to be solved to enable two-way voice communication across the Atlantic, beyond simply sending a one-way signal?
  • How did the ionosphere's behavior at night versus day complicate early long-distance radio transmission?
  • How did the 1920 transatlantic radio test lay groundwork for commercial broadcasting?
Almanac Weather Seen Whole, From Above
  • What limitations did meteorologists face when they could only observe weather from ground-based stations?
  • How many cloud-cover photographs did TIROS-1 transmit during its 78-day operational life?
  • Why did early meteorologists need to learn a new way of reading weather patterns from satellite images?
  • How did TIROS-1 change the ability to track a hurricane from formation to landfall?
Almanac A Quarter Second to Cross the Ocean
  • Which ground stations relayed the first live transatlantic television signal via Telstar 1?
  • Why did the transatlantic TV signal take about a quarter of a second to cross the ocean?
  • What caused Telstar 1 to go silent just seven months after launch?
  • How did Telstar 1 prove that intercontinental communication no longer needed undersea cables?
Almanac A Continent's Voices, Recast as Light
  • How did TAT-8 encode telephone calls differently from the copper coaxial cables it replaced?
  • How much telephone call capacity did TAT-8 have compared to the last copper transatlantic cable?
  • What role do undersea fiber-optic cables descended from TAT-8 play in today's internet traffic?
Almanac Merry Christmas, With No Way to Reply
  • Who sent the first SMS text message, and what did it say?
  • What signalling protocol and infrastructure made the first SMS message possible?
  • Why couldn't the recipient of the first SMS message reply to it?
Almanac A Ruler Made of Light
  • What modern technologies depend on the ultra-precise clocks built from frequency combs?
Almanac Light Learned to Carry Numbers
  • Why did early glass fibres lose their signal within twenty metres, and what changed to let light travel kilometres instead?
  • What made Kao's purity requirements for glass seem impossible to the engineers of his time?